BTU Calculator

Estimate how many BTUs you need to heat or cool a room, and the equivalent tons of air conditioning — a starting point for sizing a unit.

How to estimate BTUs

The simplest sizing rule is based on floor area:

BTU per hour = room area (sq ft) × BTU per sq ft

About 20 BTU per square foot is a common baseline for cooling. Divide the result by 12,000 to express it in tons of air conditioning (1 ton = 12,000 BTU/hr).

Adjust for your room

ConditionAdjustment
Very sunny roomadd ~10%
Heavily shaded roomsubtract ~10%
Kitchenadd ~4,000 BTU
Each person over twoadd ~600 BTU

Good to know

  • Don't oversize. Too-big units short-cycle, wasting energy and leaving the air humid.
  • Ceiling height matters. The area rule assumes ~8 ft ceilings; tall rooms need more.
  • Heating varies by climate. Cold regions need a higher BTU-per-sq-ft figure than the cooling baseline.

Frequently asked questions

How many BTUs for a 300 sq ft room?
At ~20 BTU/sq ft, about 6,000 BTU/hr — roughly half a ton of air conditioning.
How do I convert BTU to tons?
Divide by 12,000. One ton of AC = 12,000 BTU/hr.
What should I adjust for?
Add ~10% for sunny rooms, ~4,000 BTU for kitchens, and ~600 BTU per extra person; subtract ~10% for shade.
Is a bigger unit better?
No — oversized units short-cycle and leave the room humid. Size close to the actual load.